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400
-579 Emulsifiers, vegetable gums, & anti-caking agents Food
Additives with a "•"
in front of its name shows that it is definitely or possibly Animal Derived.
400 Alginic
acid, thickener and vegetable gum, derived from seaweed. Used in custard
mix, cordial, flavoured milk, ice blocks, thickened cream and yoghurt.
401 Sodium
alginate, thickener and vegetable gum
402 Potassium
alginate, thickener and vegetable gum
403 Ammonium
alginate, thickener and vegetable gum
404 Calcium
alginate, thickener and vegetable gum
405 Propylene
glycol alginate, thickener and vegetable gum, derived from petroleum.
see separate entry.
406 Agar,
thickener and vegetable gum, sometimes used as a laxative. Derived from
a red seaweed. Found in manufactured meats and ice cream. see Agar-agar.
407 Carrageenan,
thickener and vegetable gum. A fibre extracted from seaweed. It has recently
been linked with cancer because it may become contaminated when ethylene
oxide is added to an inferior product, this results in ethylene chlorohydrin
forming, a highly carcinogenic compound. linked to toxic hazards, including
ulcers and cancer; the most serious concerns relate to degraded carrageenan,
which is not a permitted additive. However, native carrageenan, which
is used, may become degraded in the gut. 8, 40
410 Locust
bean gum, derived from Carob or Locust bean tree Ceratonia siliqua,
a native tree of South America or the Mediterraean depending on which
book you read. Thickener and vegetable gum. Used in lollies, cordials,
essences, some flour products, dressings, fruit juice drinks. Carob is
It is frequently used as a caffeine-free chocolate substitute. 1, 3, 48
412 Guar gum,
thickener derived from the seeds of Cyamoposis tetragonolobus of Indian
origin. Fed to cattle in the US. od can cause nausea, flatulence and cramps,
may reduced cholesterol levels. 48
413 Tragacanth,
gum thickener. Resin form the tree Astragalus gummifer. A water soluble
gum, used in foods, drugs including nasal solutions, elixirs and tablets.
Also used as a binder in cosmetics. 47, 48
414 Acacia,
(gum arabic) thickener and gum. Derived from the sap of Acacia Sengal.
It is water soluble and easily broken down by the human digestive system.
415 Xanthan
gum, thickener and gum. derived from the fermentation of corn sugar
with a bacterium. 48
416 Karaya
gum, thickener. derived from the tree Sterculia urens from central
India. Often used in conjunction with Carob (add 410), in ice cream, custard
and sweets. Used as a filler for its capability to multiply its volume
by 100 times with the additon of water. 48
420 Sorbitol,
artificial sweetener, humectant derived from glucose: either obtained
from berries, or synthesised. Used in lollies, dried fruit, pastries,
pharmecuetical syrups and opthalmic preparations and is the seventh most
widely used preservative in cosmetics. 47
421 Mannitol,
artificial sweetener and humectant. derived from seaweed, or the manna
ash tree. Not permitted in infant foods, due to its ability to cause diahorrrea
and kidney dysfunction. 48
•422 Glycerol,
humectant and sweetener sweet, oily colourless alcohol, derived by decomposition
of natural fats with alkalis, usually as a by-product of soap making using
animal fat or vegetable oil. Can be obtained from petroleum products sometimes
synthesised from propylene or fermented from sugar. Used in flexible coatings
on sausages and cheeses, also in crystallised and dried fruit, liqueurs
and vodka. "Glycerin has been shown to protect against DNA damage
induced by tumor promoters, ultraviolet lights and radiation, presumably
via free radical scavenging" 47
•433,
435 Polysorbate (60), (65), (80) emulsifiers derived from animal fatty
acids. Also used as sythetic flavourings, surfactants, defoaming agents
and dough conditioners. see separate entry. Polysorbates 20 and 40 are
not permitted in Australia. 47, 48
440a Pectin,
thickener and gum. Naturally occurring in the skins of apples, pectin
is used to thicken jams, jellies and sauces.
•441 Gelatine,
boiled down skins, bones and hooves, yuk.
442 Ammonium
phosphatides, emulsifier
450 Sodium
and Potassium polyphosphates, mineral slats
450a Ammonium
phosphatides, mineral salt, yeast nutrient in dough products, baking
powder
460 Microcrystalline
cellulose, anti-caking agent
461 Methylcellulose,
thickener
464 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose,
thickener and vegetable gum
465 methylethylcellulose,
thickener and vegetable gum
466 Sodium
carboxymethylcellulose, thickener and vegetable gum
•471 Mono-
and diglyerides of fatty acids, emulsifiers
•472a
Acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol, emulsifiers, glycerol possibly
derived from animal fats
•472b
Lactic and fatty acid esters of glycerol, emulsifiers
•472c
Citric and fatty acid esters of glycerol, emulsifiers
•472d
Tartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol, emulsifiers
•472e
Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol, emulsifiers
473 Sucrose
esters of fatty acids, emulsifiers
•475 Polyglycerol
esters of fatty acids, emulsifiers
•476 Polyglycerol
esters of interesterfied ricinoleid acid, emulsifiers
477 Propylene
glycol mon- and di- esters, emulsifier, derived from petroleum.
480 Dioctyl
sodium sulphosuccinate, emulsifier
•481 Sodium
stearoyl lactylate, flour treating agent
•482 Calcium
stearoyl lactylate, flour treating agent
•491 Sorbitan
mono-stearate, emulsifier
•492 Sorbitan
tri-stearate, emulsifier
500 Sodium
carbonates, mineral salt
501 Potassium
carbonates, mineral salt
536 Potassium
ferrocyanide, anti-caking agent
503 Ammonium
carbonates, mineral salt
504 Magnesium
carbonate, mineral salt, anti-caking agent
507 Hydrochloric
acid, acidity regulator
508 Potassium
chloride, mineral salt
509 Calcium
chloride, mineral salt, dreived from brine
516 Calcium
sulphate, flour treatment agent, derived from limestone
529 Calcium
oxide, mineral salt
535 Sodium
ferrocyanide, anti-caking agent
536 Potassium
ferrocyanide, anti-caking agent, by-product of coal gas production
541 Sodium
aluminium phosphate, acidity regulator, emulsifier
•542 Bone
phosphate, anti-caking agent, derived from bones, used in dried milk
for coffee machines
551 Silicon
dioxide, anti-caking agent
552 Calcium
silicate, anti-caking agent derived from limestone amd diatomaceous
earth (the silicified skeletons of diatoms, a single celled plankton)
553b Talc,
anti-caking agent
554 Sodium
aluminium silicate, anti-caking agent, used in salt, dried milk substitutes
and flours, aluminium is known to cause placental problems in pregnancy
and has been linked to Alzheimer's
556 Calcium
aluminium silicate, anti-caking agent, derived from minerals, used
in milk powders
558 Bentonite,
anti-caking agent, clay. used to clarify wines
559 Kaolins,
anti-caking agent, clay. wine clarifier
•570 Stearic
acid, anti-caking agent, possibly of animal origin See Stearates.
•572 Magnesium
stearate, anti-caking agent
575 Glucono
delta-lactone, acidity regulator
577 Potassium
gluconate,acidity regulator, firming agent
578 Calcium
gluconate, acidity regulator, firming agent
579 ferrous
gluconate, colour-retention agent derived from iron and glucose, used
in olives, iron supplements 3, 48
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